Everything about Palmitoleic Acid totally explained
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Palmitoleic acid, or (
Z)-9-hexadecenoic acid, is an
omega-7 monounsaturated fatty acid that's a common constituent of the
glycerides of human
adipose tissue. It is present in all tissues, but generally found in higher concentrations in the
liver. It is biosynthesized from
palmitic acid by the action of the enzyme
delta-9 desaturase.
Sources
Dietary sources of palmitoleic acid include a variety of animal oils, vegetable oils, and marine oils.
Macadamia oil (
Macadamia integrifolia) and
Sea Buckthorn oil (
Hippophae rhamnoides) are botanical sources with high concentrations, containing 22 and 40% of palmitoleic acid, respectively.
In a recent study examining the effects of diets high in various fatty acids, total cholesterol and
low density lipoprotein (LDL, "bad cholesterol") concentrations were similar with palmitoleic and
palmitic acids and significantly higher than with
oleic acid.
High density lipoprotein (HDL, "good cholesterol") was significantly lower with palmitoleic than with palmitic acid. The study confirms that, at least in hypercholesterolemic men, a modest increase in palmitic acid raises LDL cholesterol relative to oleic acid, even when dietary cholesterol is low. Palmitoleic acid behaves like a
saturated and not a
monounsaturated fatty acid in its effect on LDL cholesterol.
Aging
In the April 2001 issue of the
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Shinichiro Haze et al published an article suggesting that
omega-7 unsaturated fatty acids, such as palmitoleic acid and
vaccenic acid found on the skin surface were oxidatively decomposed to
2-nonenal, which may be the cause of the phenomenon commonly known as old person smell.
A scientist in Japan, Shoji Nakamura is devising products for a cosmetic line to meet the market. He says, "Over time, this fatty acid is broken down by bacteria inhabiting the skin or by lipid peroxides (which are present in larger quantities in older people), producing a substance called nonenal that 'has an unpleasant... smell... closely approximating... that of old books'."
Further Information
Get more info on 'Palmitoleic Acid'.
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